Ezetimibe/simvastatin is a combination medication used to treat high cholesterol levels in the blood. It is composed of two active ingredients: ezetimibe and simvastatin. Ezetimibe belongs to a class of drugs known as cholesterol absorption inhibitors, while simvastatin is a statin medication.

Cholesterol absorption inhibition

Ezetimibe works by blocking the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine into the bloodstream. It inhibits a protein called NPC1L1 (Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 protein), which is responsible for transporting cholesterol across the intestinal wall. By blocking this protein, ezetimibe reduces the amount of cholesterol absorbed from dietary sources and bile in the intestines, leading to lower levels of cholesterol in the blood.

HMG-CoA reductase inhibition

Simvastatin works by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a key role in the production of cholesterol in the liver. By blocking this enzyme, simvastatin reduces the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, leading to lower levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.

By combining ezetimibe and simvastatin, this medication addresses both the absorption of cholesterol from the diet and the production of cholesterol in the liver, resulting in greater reductions in cholesterol levels compared to either drug alone.

Consumption

Ezetimibe/simvastatin is typically taken orally in the form of tablets. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the individual's cholesterol levels, cardiovascular risk factors, and response to the medication.

• Muscle pain or weakness

  Some people may experience muscle-related symptoms such as muscle pain, weakness, or tenderness. In rare cases, severe muscle breakdown (rhabdomyolysis) can occur, which can lead to kidney damage.

• Gastrointestinal symptoms

  Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach discomfort.

• Liver abnormalities

  Ezetimibe/simvastatin can cause elevations in liver enzymes, indicating potential liver inflammation or damage. Liver function tests are typically monitored periodically during treatment with ezetimibe/simvastatin to detect any abnormalities.

• Headache

  Headaches are a relatively common side effect, though usually mild.

• Increased blood sugar levels

  Some individuals may experience an increase in blood sugar levels while taking ezetimibe/simvastatin, particularly in those who are already at risk for diabetes.

• Increased risk of tendon rupture

  There have been reports of an increased risk of tendon rupture, particularly in individuals taking statin medications like simvastatin.

It's essential to use ezetimibe/simvastatin as directed by a healthcare professional and to follow up regularly for monitoring of cholesterol levels and potential side effects. If you experience any concerning symptoms or side effects while taking ezetimibe/simvastatin, it's crucial to seek medical attention promptly. Additionally, it's important to inform your healthcare provider about any other medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking, as ezetimibe/simvastatin may interact with certain medications.